See also: International Recognition of the Republic of Hawaii
King Umberto I of Italy personally signed a one-page letter in Italian to President Dole dated September 23, 1894, recognizing the Republic of Hawaii. Two-page translation into English, translation certified as accurate by the consul of Italy in Honolulu on October 6, 1894 with seal of consulate next to his signature.
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Original in Italian:
Certified English translation: